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02. - 05.06.2025
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If a shipment passes through several countries, who is liable for the transport? Liability laws vary from country to country. International agreements are in place to harmonize these differences. The rules that apply depend largely on:
Convention on the Contract for the in the International Carriage of Goods by Road.
* "CMR" is the French abbreviation for “Convention relative au Contrat de transport international des marchandises par route”
Uniform rules concerning the Contract of International Carriage of Goods by Rail.
* "CIM"is the French abbreviation for „Convention International concernant le transport des Merchandises par chemin de fer”
International convention on the uniform determination of individual rules for bills of lading (Hague Visby Rules or Hamburg Rules).
SDR (special drawing right) is an artificial currency unit of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
The exchange rate of an SDR is subject to minor fluctuations. On a long-term average it amounts to 1.19017 euros.
Ordinary liability for damage to or loss of goods in accordance with the above-mentioned international conventions:
International conventions do not cover all legal aspects - some countries have not yet incorporated these international rules into their national laws. Others may have adopted them with modifications or added specific national provisions. It is therefore essential to consider the legal framework of each country involved. The same is true when a shipment remains within a single country - in such cases, the national laws of that country usually apply.
Due to liability limits and restrictions, the value of goods is often not fully covered in the event of damage. Transportation insurance allows goods to be insured against damage regardless of liability rules or limits.
It is a type of property insurance that protects against typical risks encountered during transportation. With proper coverage, it compensates for the actual value of the damaged goods, regardless of whether the carrier is legally liable for the loss.
All goods transported from one EU member state to another must first be registered in the INTRASTAT system.
INTRASTAT stands for “Intra-community trading statistics between the member states of the European Union”.
The following entities are required to report:
The following are exempt from the obligation to report:
If this limit is only exceeded in the current calendar year, then the obligation to report begins with the month in which the threshold was crossed.
For the trade statistical declaration, you have to enter the following data:
Incoterms are standardized commercial terms for international trade in goods.
They are developed and published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).
Incoterms define the essential obligations of the parties (seller and buyer) involved in the delivery of goods under sales contracts.
Sellers and buyers should clearly state in their sales contracts which version of Incoterms® applies to their agreement (e.g., Incoterms® 2010 or Incoterms® 2020).
It is important to ensure that a named place is specified for each Incoterm and that it is defined as precisely as possible.
For more details on Incoterms, click here.
